Abstract Emergent bilingual students, also known as English as a second language (ESL) students, are the fastest-growing population of students in the United States. The growth in the emergent bilingual student population has created a need for greater ESL teacher preparation and professional development. The demand for ESL teachers remains high, but many teachers are unprepared to support emergent bilingual students. The goal of this study is to examine effective ESL practices in order to...