Introduction [excerpt] In the contemporary United States many newspapers have been criticized for not being objective. American readers have claimed that journalists take political positions and make value judgments in their daily reporting. In fact, scholars like Noam Chomsky (2001), Albert Gunther (1998), and Gaye Tuchman (1972) have conducted studies that support a journalistic bias in news reporting. By what yardstick can objectivity be measured? ... What does it exactly mean for journalists to be...