Abstract Effective leadership is an integral part of creating a positive school community and positively impacts student learning. Various studies have aimed to investigate leadership qualities and traits that develop effective leadership. Many of these studies have focused on principals’ leadership behaviors and their impact on student achievement levels (Dutta & Sahney, 2016). School leadership evaluation models and professional learning standards support the concept of collective efficacy...

Scope and Contents From the Collection: The collection consists of theses written by students enrolled in the Monmouth University graduate English program. The holdings are primarily bound print documents that were submitted in partial fulfillment of requirements for the Master of Arts or Master of Fine Arts degrees.Students become eligible to pursue the Master of Fine Arts (M.F.A.) degree if they have obtained a Master of Arts...

Abstract Content standards have a significant impact on the classroom as they provide a foundation on which teachers base their instruction and ensure a uniform experience in similar grade levels and settings (Ravitch, 1995; McMannon, 1997). In the field of social studies, standards not only identify the knowledge deemed worthy of consideration, they also suggest additonal desired student outcomes such as the development of agency and civic-mindedness (Ornstein, 1982). This subject area has...